Symptoms And Treatment Of Therapeutic Therapy For Patients...

Mitoxantrone Mitoxantrone is an antineoplastic drug, meaning that it inhibits the growth of cancerous cells.[1,2] It is licensed for use in UK in the treatment of leukaemia, Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and breast cancer which has spread to other organs (metastasis)[3]. It can also be used in non-resectable primary hepatocellular carcinoma (liver cancer which has not metastasised, but cannot be removed by surgical intervention).[3] Dosages for these indications tend to be around 12mg/m2 of body surface area (BSA), and is administered in cycles of treatment due to mitoxantrone’s cell cycle non-specificity [2]; this regime is also in line with those administered in the US.[4] Although primarily anticancer treatment, Mitoxantrone has been approved by the FDA (Food and Drug Admiration in the US) for use in patients with multiple sclerosis who experience relapses (acute worsening of their MS symptoms) and where their condition is deemed to be progressive.[1,4] It is currently not licensed by t he MHRA for use in MS.[3] The drug is formulated as a liquid, bright blue in colour[3], which is injected or infused intravenously. [1] Mitoxantrone is part of the anthracenedione group of drugs,[1,2,4,5] although it is an anthracycline derivative, making it similar in structure and mode of action of other chemotherapeutic agent such as daunorubicin and doxorubicin (figure 1)[5]. Mitoxantrone’s base structure is that of 9,10-anthraquinone, with the addition of two hydroxyl groups on one of theShow MoreRelatedMind/Body Practices: Ancient Traditions with Contemporary Benefits3290 Words   |  14 Pagesmore than 5,000 years! As of 2008, 38% of Americans 18 or older and 12% of children used some form of alternative medicine. The rates of individuals in the United States using alternative techniques, and the general interest in these methods of treatment, is continually growing (Frass et al., 2012). Although there are many types of alternative techniques, some specific examples include meditation, hypnosis, guided imagery, yoga, tai chi, and qi gong. As these modalities gain more attention, it becomesRead MoreEssa y on Pathophysiology Exam 15529 Words   |  23 Pagesparaplegia d. A 78-year-old patient with Alzheimer disease who received a third-degree burn following an oven fire 2. A client is experiencing muscle atrophy following 2 weeks in traction after a motor vehicle accident. Which of the following factors has most likely contributed to the atrophy of the clients muscle cells? a. Reduced oxygen consumption and cellular function that ensures muscle cell survival b. A reduction of skeletal muscle use secondary to the traction treatment c. Denervation of theRead MoreSocm Study Guide Essay30404 Words   |  122 Pagesof skin) * Hair follicles * Hair * Sebaceous glands * Sweat glands * Nails * Sensory Receptors 2. Skeletal System: * Bones (s06), Cartilages, ligaments * Axial skeleton – skull, vertebrae, sacrum, rib s, sternum * Appendicular skeleton – limbs and supporting bones * Bone Marrow 3. Muscular System: * skeletal muscles (700) * axial muscles * appendicular muscles 4. Nervous system * CNS * Brain *Read MorePharmaceutical Price Controls in the Oecd Countries47662 Words   |  191 PagesDMF EEA EMA EPC FDA GDP HHS IMF IPR KFDA KG LTP MHLW MHRA MHW MIFs NASs NDO NFMI NHI NHS NICE NMEs OECD OTC PBAC PBPA PBS PhRMA PMPRB PPRS PRS RD SHI SMEs SPC SU TGA TPD Abbreviated New Drug Application Abbreviated New Drug Submission Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical actual transaction price Australia–U.S. Free Trade Agreement Boston Consultancy Group Biotechnology Industry Association Center for Medicare Medicaid Services Center for Medicines Research International clinical research providers CommonwealthRead MoreGsk Annual Report 2010135604 Words   |  543 Pages ‘Presentation of the ï ¬ nancial statements’. GSK Annual Report 2010 01 We exist to improve the quality of human life by enabling people to do more, feel better and live longer. We work by respecting people, maintaining our focus on the patient and consumer whilst operating with both integrity and transparency. We are looking to deliver shareholder value through growth of a diversiï ¬ ed and global business, by delivering more products of value, simplifying our operating model and by running